How to Make Flower Bonsai Trees - Complete Guide - Bonsai Flower Farming Methods ..

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How to Make Flower Bonsai Trees Complete Guide - Bonsai Flower Farming Methods  ..

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How to grow chrysanthemums chrysanthemum pictures Daquan

1. Form

Perennial flowers, stem height 60~150 cm, leaves pinnately lobed or deeply lobed, serrated edges, the back hair, the size, shape, texture due to different varieties and there are significant differences; flower capitulum inflorescence central general bisexual tubular flowers, female or neutral to the edge of the ray florets, or axillary. Flower size, shape, color and different because of different varieties, yellow, white, purple, green and other colors, yellow is expensive. In 10 to 12 months, in a month or two after the flower achene, flowering fruit ripening. Chrysanthemum varieties, there are about three thousand kinds, it is the largest species of flower Dan. According to the cultivation method daisy divided into the following categories:

Chrysanthemum: one a flower, big flowers, the best performance characteristics of a variety of species of chrysanthemum. Potted chrysanthemum need tighter control cultivation techniques. Require less fertilizer and, if the basin is too large, dry fertilizer excess, cause strains grown too Gao Yi, which will reduce the ornamental value.

Dali chrysanthemum: a flowering of hundreds to one thousand flowers, flowering consistency, forming a large circular disk. Training Dali chrysanthemum need to select the fast-growing, multi-branched, loose chrysanthemum varieties.

Ju tower: the dozens of different forms and colors of chrysanthemum bud, layering grafted on a 2 to 3-meter-high white wormwood or Artemisia annua, formed various forms at different levels, colorful flowers, like afar flower tower.
Multi chrysanthemum flowers: an open dozens of flowers, suitable for dwarf plants, flowers large flower bed configuration is a good variety.

Cliff Ju: also known as Pteris chrysanthemum. Whole plant much branched, small flower, flower number, plant drooping, 2.5 to 3 meters long, is placed at or configuration rocks Gao good material.

2. Habit and use

Country of origin, sexual hi cool, to be
Shaded and well-ventilated environment. Soil containing humus and well-drained sandy loam is appropriate, resistance to frost, avoid stagnant water.

Chrysanthemum flowers is one of our country, in our country more than three thousand years of cultural history. Autumn dew is heavy, one hundred Dan dying, unique chrysanthemum thriving by frost and more graceful, and his love. Poems of the ancients, the list goes on. "The Book of Rites on order • chapter> in the" March of the JI Qiu Ju Huanghua "records. Qu Yuan's "Songs of the South"

Yuanming "The Story of Qiu has good color, pour dew drop its British" "take Ju Dong, leisurely to see the mountain" and famous, are still widely read. Yuan Zhen "Chrysanthemum" poem "Autumn plexus around the house like Tao, flowers do not spend more" vividly illustrates the hardy chrysanthemums Aoshuang character.

Potted chrysanthemum can be used to configure the rocks, decorated hall, bonsai, flower beds, flower border, etc. for people to watch. White chrysanthemums and yellow daisy can be used as medicine, with scattered wind-heat, Qing eyesight liver function. In addition, sulfur dioxide chrysanthemum has strong absorption ability, can play a role in cleaning up the environment. In the north, winter indoor coal-fired heating, if they can put pots of chrysanthemums, the concentration of sulfur dioxide can be greatly reduced.

3. Cultivation

Parental choice. • to retain a variety of chrysanthemum varieties in flowering period should choose a mother plant itself has an excellent shape and strong hereditary.

Culture female: Note ventilation during cultivation, watering, weeding, fertilizing, etc., in order to promote germination of new shoots. If crossbreeding flowering, the soil should not have too many fields as a nutrient residues, otherwise seed rate drops significantly.

Culture soil: potted chrysanthemum potting soil requires loose, rich in humus. Usually ready a year ago, potting, ratio: 5 parts sandy soil, humus 4 parts, 1 part grass wood, plus a small amount of bone meal mix preparation.

Huanpen Colonization: should choose sunny or cloudy, rainy day should not, pay attention to the pelvic floor drainage. Initially transplanted seedlings in a shallow box or shallow pots, 5x6 cm spacing. North in April will be planted seedlings with soil in 3-inch pots, and then moved to the warm pool leaked exercise. Note that cold night. The end of May for the 5-inch pots and 6 months for 7-8 inch pots, on a sunny, flat place. When the rain will elevate the pelvic floor, watering should be timely, to control the watering of seedlings, plant growth with increasing water set, and even rain down to the basin, to prevent water basin. Fall To promote bud formation, topdressing full maturity of manure dry, spread evenly on the basin surface soil, timely irrigated reach fertilizer evenly.

In order to suppress plant growth, promote collateral germination enrich its projected number of flowers in pots for the first time after topping once, each subsequent Huanpen topping should be carried out 2 or 3 times. In early August shaping a given number of flowers, generally 5 ~ 7 flowers is appropriate, not more than 8. Where after axillary buds grow out of take off, leave whole plant, each the size of a same shoot apical bud, side by side pillar, tie tied its branches to prevent lodging. In order to promote seed can be carried out artificial pollination. A ray method is to cut the stems of the cylindrical portion, at about 10 o'clock in the sunny morning with a brush pollination. Chrysanthemum flower short day Dan, by controlling the light control can play flowering, early or delayed flowering.

4.Reproduction

Chrysanthemum breeding methods are: defend inserted, tiller, grafting, planting, etc., to cutting propagation based.

Defend insert: the Northeast region in a greenhouse in January; performed in Beijing in August. To select the robust mother plant germination of cuttings of young shoots, cuttings 2-3 inches long, remove the following two leaves, shaved horseshoe-shaped base, first in the sand pot with a bamboo stick pierced a hole in the cutting-thirds two into the hole after inserting irrigated, placed in the sun at the indoor temperature is kept at zero on more than 10 in particular. 20 days that is able to put roots leaves, which are the basin or transplanting.

Ramets: Northern generally carried out before and after the Spring Festival. Will then retain the old strains germinated sprouts (buds feet) with a rhizome with a knife under, were transplanted into the sand bed or basin. Propagation characteristics can be retained by the parent ramets.

Grafting: in culture Dali Ju Ju tower or new varieties, the general grafting. Grafted with rootstocks should be selected stems of prism, the section between relatively thin, blade large yellow or white wormwood Artemisia, in late fall on the basin, placed indoors. Spring adequate fertilization, to promote root development. "Grain in Ear" in the room before grafting. Choose robust and scion should have branches terminal bud, 4~10 cm long, cut off the lower leaves, leaving only the top 3 to 4 blades, blade-shaped base shaved. Stock split, the scion stick, after plants holster interface shade 10 days to survive.

Sowing: breeding new varieties often use this method. Due to strong chrysanthemum difficult, need to be taken to the artificial pollination seed. Spring sowing, when the plants grow 4 ~ 6 leaves, can be transplanted or on the basin culture.

5. Protect

Seedlings often have harmful cutworms, booby way is to use 90% trichlorfon 50 grams, with warm water to open, stir-fry 3 to 4 kg of wheat bran, along with a little sesame oil and water mix into bait trap; summer season, aphids , spider mites, whiteflies hazards are more common, are available dimethoate 1500 times spray. Chrysanthemum Leaf spot occurrence of black dots on black spot and blight lesions, the removal of diseased leaves can be burned or 65% zineb 500 times spray control.

Chrysanthemum, alias life passenger, Kim, Huang Hua, Chrysanthemum, Tao Ju, is a genus of Asterales Asteraceae perennial herb. Under which about 40 kinds, most of which originated in East Asia, its variation 

In Chinese classical literature and culture, chrysanthemum has an important position, with plum, orchid, bamboo collectively known as the four gentlemen.

Daisy is widely used as an ornamental use, in the traditional Chinese Lunar New Year, many people like placed in the home of chrysanthemum. Chung Yeung Festival has Shangju drink chrysanthemum wine and customs. Meng Hao Ran "over the enemy village": "Until the Double Ninth Day, come for your chrysanthemums."

Chrysanthemum cultivation and management

Chrysanthemum varieties

Daisy is composed of a lot of flowers inflorescence, there are two flowers, pistil can have a single insemination of ray florets, the other often has tubular flowers of the pistil. The proportion of the composition of these two flowers, shape, size and color to produce all kinds of flowers and colors can be divided into single lobe daisy, chrysanthemum tray, Pompon daisy, decorative daisy, chrysanthemum and other standards. Depending on the size of the pattern can be divided into large, medium and small gear train, according to the main color is yellow, white, pink, orange and crimson. The fruit is achene.  

Daisy is a short-day plant, to Chiu extend day length, or black cloth shading to shorten the length of day, up to annual production of chrysanthemum purposes. Classified by photoperiod response, short time of day as long as 6,7,8,10 or 11 weeks will be able to reach blooming varieties are of early varieties of plants, you need 12, 13 or 15 weeks of short-day varieties Late varieties, general business varieties of 9-11 weeks with the main varieties. Flower planting shall be the record of farming such as planting, cutting electricity to harvest time, in order to calculate the planting and harvesting period

Chrysanthemum breeding

In addition to breeding breeding Chrysanthemum propagated by seed, the more asexual reproduction. Commercial cultivation mostly bud cutting propagation. Cutting propagation method operation is extremely simple, you can get quite a lot of supply of cut flowers or potted seedlings growers planted in a short time, while maintaining good horticultural characteristics of the original species.

Rooting ability of cuttings to root Spear most prone, generally broken fingers can easily tops of 5-7 cm, with 4-6 leaves, stem diameter 0.3 cm or more optimal. When taken cuttings, to prevent possible infection of the pathogen, it is best to take a hand off, should not be taken with scissors. Cut flower growers in the nursery industry dedicated to the purchase more convenient.

Chrysanthemum cultivation

Colonization of stems per plant spacing should be 120-180 cm2 of space, if one was 3 per plant topping collateral, planting spacing, each plant should be 360-540 cm2 space. Usually chrysanthemum farming per 10 ares (about a subdivision) 10,000-12,000 species
Zhou light effect

Under natural climate, chrysanthemum often in the cooler autumn temperatures, day length becomes shorter flowering, such as planting in the winter, due to the length of day is too short, when the plants flower buds have formed very small. To increase stems must be manually Chiu to extend day length to inhibit differentiation, in fact more important than the short night to extend the length of day. The continuous dark period of not more than six hours, chrysanthemum flower bud differentiation is not, according to the intensity of electric night, provided with two candles on chrysanthemum leaves (approximately 20 lux), is sufficient to inhibit the flower buds.

Soils and Fertilizers

Soil planting chrysanthemums, in addition to need good drainage and ventilation, but also need the rich in organic matter, if necessary steam or chemical disinfection. However, Taiwan steam sterilization equipment is expensive, if the soil fumigant "will speed off," or "The Guardian" disinfection to prevent the soil pests and weeds. Rice crop rotation can reduce pests and soil nutrient imbalances caused by excessive fertilization of.

Plant disease

Chrysanthemum occurred in Taiwan wide range of diseases, there are ten common ownership, are white rust, stem rot, black spot, wilt, anthracnose, rust black, southern blight, gray mold, Sclerotinia and bacterial soft rot. Wilt, stem rot, southern blight, and bacterial soft rot Sclerotinia genus systemic disease, often resulting in morbidity when the death of the whole plant

Insect pest

Chrysanthemums are planted throughout the year, pests and pest mites provides ample nourishment and habitat. Thus, regardless of chrysanthemum is cultivated in the network room or outdoor cultivation can not escape or harm mites pest infestation. Important pests on chrysanthemum aphids, thrips, Spodoptera exigua, beet armyworm, Spodoptera tomatoes and Tetranychus mites and the like. Secondary pest cutworms, quasi looper, leaf miner, whiteflies, moths, mealybugs, mites and other fine, kind to say quite a bit. For domestic chrysanthemum (cut flowers or potted), they do not affect the quality of flowers, can allow a small amount of pest occurrence

Weed

Chrysanthemum cultivation mostly open cultivation and crop rotation with paddy fields, usually water, dry upland rotation field of the common weed, all occur in chrysanthemums Tanaka. Weed competition hazards and chrysanthemum cultivation, grass phase, density, and environmental factors during the competition was the relationship between weed competition moisture, nutrients, light, etc., can directly cause poor growth of chrysanthemum, the decline in the quality, not conducive field of management operations, such as

Weeds and Tin Tin district four surrounding what happened, it can be a non-competitive harm where the host or habitat of pests, while the indirect losses. Taiwan upland plains happened annual weeds occur in the hot season weed species bearded millet, goose grass, crabgrass, nutsedge, purslane and pigweed; in the cold autumn and winter weeds are mainly goose children intestine, Gnaphalium uncle, leaflets ash Di, leaflets Cardamine mountain mustard, Hemistepta, Sanae Polygonum. 

Chrysanthemum growing weeds in addition to direct competition moisture, nutrients, light, etc., nor conducive to daisy field management jobs or other pests easy to breed, so in chrysanthemum cultivation process, must provide suitable control.